![]() ![]() Optimistic people are generally more successful, both in their personal and professional lives. It indicates that pessimists can learn to be optimists “not through mindless devices like whistling a happy tune or mouthing platitudes… but by learning a new set of cognitive skills.” The Benefits of being Optimistic However, contemporary science and research say otherwise. ![]() The second misconception that Seligman has identified is that pessimism, no matter how deeply rooted, is hardwired and permanent. In fact, self-identifying as a pessimist is a real challenge, and “far more people than realize it are living in this shadow.” The first is that it is easy to know if you are a pessimist. Seligman has been studying the subjects for over 25 years and has found several misconceptions with pessimism. Confronted by a bad situation, they perceive it as a challenge and try harder.” The optimists believe defeat is not their fault: Circumstances, bad luck, or other people brought it about. ![]() They tend to believe defeat is just a temporary setback, that its causes are confined to this one case. The optimists, who are confronted with the same hard knocks of this world, think about misfortune in the opposite way. “The defining characteristic of pessimists is that they tend to believe bad events will last a long time, will undermine everything they do and are their own fault. In his book Learned Optimism, Martin Seligman, Ph.D., defines the difference between optimists and pessimists in the following way: ![]()
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